For persistent VDI you can treat those as your regular Laptop/Desktops.

For non-persistent it is different, your want to do a manual install on the golden image and else follow the information from this KB https://beyondtrustcorp.service-now.com/csm?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB0017056

I recommend that we install the Adapter with a Group ID to consolidating all Non-Persistent VDI to one Computer Group in PM Cloud, also use a naming standard for your -Non-Persistent VDI, so that we can create Management Rules for cleaning up of Non-Persistent VDIs.

For Persistent VDIs- When you say treat those as your regular Laptops/Desktops, do you mean install the Client and Adapter individually on each Persistent VDI?

How to proceed with the installation on Master image for Persistent VDIs?

I would use the Package Manager for Persistent VDIs, and treat them similar to how you would deploy to regular computers.

Alternatively you could do similar to Non-Persistent VDI deploy the Package Manager with the service disabled and before making it the golden image make sure the service is set to automatic start from Disabled. This would go download and install latest versions that you set on your computer groups in PM Cloud.

If you do this on the master image,  you have to maintain it with a version etc. it will likely need an update on first boot if not maintained, so adding it to the Master image is redundant. Once a persistent VDI is spun up this is when I would deploy the package manager. This is an easier solution to maintain.